Bond Lengths in Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Carbonic Acid as Sums of the Atomic, Ionic and Bohr Radii

Bond Lengths in Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide and Carbonic Acid as Sums of the Atomic, Ionic and Bohr Radii

Loading document ...
Page
of
Loading page ...

Author(s)

Author(s): Raji Heyrovska

Download Full PDF Read Complete Article

777 1924 30-32 Volume 2 - Dec 2013

Abstract

Joseph Black is known for his pioneering work on "fixed air" which we know as carbon dioxide. This paper accounts for the different carbon to oxygen distances in carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and carbonic acid in terms of the atomic, ionic and Bohr radii of the atoms, which are all related by the Golden ratio. The results confirm the author's work on the additivity of the appropriate radii of adjacent atoms or ions in the structure of small as well as big molecules.

Keywords

CO bond lengths, Atomic radii, Bohr radii, Golden ratio, Additivity of radii in bond lengths, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Carbonic acid

References

  1. a) Ramsay, W., The Life and Letters of Joseph Black, M.D., Constable and Company Ltd., London, 1918
  2. https://archive.org/stream/cu31924012362806#page/n25/mode/2up)
  3. b) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Black
  4. a) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_Baptist_van_Helmont
  5. b) http://people.mech.kuleuven.be/~erik/local_heroes.html
  6. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavoisier
  7. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_dioxide
  8. Crawford, E., ARRHENIUS: From Ionic Theory to the Greenhouse Effect, Science History Publications, USA, 1966
  9. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenhouse_gas
  10. Pauling, L., The Nature of the Chemical Bond, Cornell Univ. Press, NY, (1960)
  11. Heyrovska, R., Molecular Physics, 103, 877 - 822, 2005
  12. Heyrovska, R., Chapter 12 in: Innovations in Chemical Biology, Editor: Bilge Sener, Springer.com, January 2009; (Proceedings of the 9th Eurasia Conference on Chemical Sciences, Antalya, Turkey, September 2006, invited talk)
  13. Heyrovska, R., International J. Sciences., Vol 2, 82-92, Issue-Mar-2013. http://www.ijsciences.com/pub/pdf/V2-201303-19.pdf
  14. Heyrovska, R., International J. Sciences., Vol 2, 63-68, Issue-Apr-2013, http://www.ijsciences.com/pub/pdf/V2-201304-18.pdf
  15. Livio, M., The Golden Ratio: The Story of PHI, the World's Most Astonishing Number, Broadway Books, NY, (2002)
  16. Heyrovska, R., Philippine Journal of Science, 137 (2): 133-139, 2008. Full text also in: http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0708/0708.1108.pdf v(2)
  17. Heyrovska, R., International J. Sciences., Vol 2, 1-4, Issue-Apr-2013, http://www.ijsciences.com/pub/pdf/V2-201304-08.pdf
  18. Heyrovska, R., arXiv:0809.1957 [pdf]
  19. Kramida, A., Ralchenko, Yu., Reader, J., and NIST ASD Team (2013). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (ver. 5.1), [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/asd [2013, December 7]; http://physics.nist.gov/cgi-bin/ASD/ie.pl?spectra=H-DS+i&units=1&at_num_out=on&el_name_out=on&seg_out=on&shells_out=on&level_out=on&e_out=0&biblio=on
  20. a) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_monoxide
  21. b) Gero, L., Herzberg, G., Schmid, R., Phys. Rev., 52, 467, 1937.
  22. c) Glockler, G., J. Phys. Chem., 62(9), 1049-1054, 1958.
  23. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbonic_acid

Cite this Article:

International Journal of Sciences is Open Access Journal.
This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) License.
Author(s) retain the copyrights of this article, though, publication rights are with Alkhaer Publications.

Search Articles

Issue June 2023

Volume 12, June 2023


Table of Contents



World-wide Delivery is FREE

Share this Issue with Friends:


Submit your Paper