Antioxidant Properties and Vitamin Profile of Hyptis verticillata Cultivated in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria

Author(s): Egbung Godwin Eneji, Atangwho Item Justin, Anosike Chikaodili

The present study investigated the antioxidant properties as well the vitamin composition of the leaves of Hyptis verticillata cultivated in Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria. The antioxidant activity of H. verticillata leaves indicated high catalase concentration (0.04±0.01M) and low levels of reduced glutathione,superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde while the concentration of vitamins showed high concentration of vitamin C (2.63±0.12mg/100ml) with low concentrations of beta-carotene and vitamin E (at 3.0 x 10-3 ±0.08mg/100ml and 0.05±8.1 x 10-4mg/100ml) respectively. We therefore, suggests that the consumption of leaves of H. verticillata in form of infusion could serve as a potential source of locally available antioxidants.

Antioxidants, Hyptis verticillata, vitamins and infusion

1. Achikanu, C. E., Eze-Steven P. E., Ude C. M. & Ugwuokolie O. C. (2013). Determination of the vitamin and mineral composition of common leafy vegetables of South Eastern Nigeria. International Journal of Current Microbiological Applied Sciences, 2(11): 347-353.
2. Ajiboye, B. O., Ibukun, E. O., Edobor, G., Ojo, A. O. & Onikanni, S. A. (2013). Chemical composition of Senecio biafrae leaf. Scientific Journal of Biological Sciences; 2(8): 152-159.
3. Al-Harbi, M. S. (2016). Hepatoprotective effects and antioxidant capacity of Naringenin on arsenic-induced liver injury in rats. International Journal of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Science, 8(4): 103-108.
4. Bahekor, S. E. & Kale, R. S. (2016). Evaluation of antioxidant activity of Manihot esenlenta Crantz in Wistar rats. Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Science, 8(2):119-123.
5. Cline, S. D., Riggings J. N., Tornaletti S., Marnett L. J. & Hanawalt P. C. (2004). Malondialdehyde adducts in DNA arrest transcription by T7 RNA polymerase and mammalian RNA polymerase II. Procedings of the National Academy of Science, 101:7275-7280.
6. El-Missiry, M. A. (2012). Antioxidant Enzyme. InTech, Rijeka, Croatia. 410 pages.
7. Ene-Obong, H. N., Okudu, H. O. & Asumugha, U. V. (2016). Nutritional and physiochemical composition of two varieties of monkey kola (cola parchycarpa and cola lepidota): an underutilized fruit. Journal of Food Chemistry, 193: 154-159.
8. FAO/WHO. (2001). Human Vitamin and Mineral Requirements. Report of a Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultation, Bangkok, Thailand. Pp. 73, 271.
9. Farmer, E. E. & Davoine, C. (2007). Reactive electrophile species. Current Opinion in Plants Biology, 10(4): 380-386.
10. Gawet, S., Wardas, M., Niedworok, E. & Wardas, P. (2004). Malondialodehyde (MDA) as a lipid peroxidation marker. NCBI, Wiad Lek, 57(9-10): 435-435.
11. Goodsell, D. S. (2004). Catalase. Molecule of the month. RCSB protein data bank. Research collaborator for structural Bioinformatics. Available at: http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/101/motin.do?momID=57, accessed 13/07/2016.
12. Hossein Dehghan, Yaghoub Sarrafi & Peyman Salehi, 2015. Antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of 11 herbal plants from Hyrcania region, Iran. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 24(2016): 179-188.
13. Latha, M. & Pari, L. (2004). Effect of aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis on blood glucose, plasma insulin and some polyol pathway enzymes in experimental rat diabetes. Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research, 37:577-586.
14. Lukaski, C. H. (2004). Vitamin and mineral status: effect on physical performance. Nutrition 20(7-8):632-644.
15. Michaelides, J. (2015). Antioxidant overview. Bakers journal. Annex Business Media Publication, Canada.
16. of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 147(1):16-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.039.
17. Official methods of analysis of AOAC International (2006). AOAC International, Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
18. Ogbunugafor H., Igwilo- Ezikpe M., Igwilo I., Ozumba N., Adenekan S., Ugochukwu C., Onyekwelu O. & Ekechi A. (2012). In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antioxidant properties of Moringa oleifera ethanolic leaves extract and effect on serum lipid indices in rat. Maced J Med Sci. 5(4): 397- 403.
19. Padayatty, S. J., Katz, A., Wang, Y., Eck, P., Kwon, O., Lee, J. H., Chen, S., Corpe, C., Dutta, A., Dutta, S. K., Levine, M. (2013). Vitamin C as an antioxidant: evaluation of its role in disease prevention. Journal of American College of Nutrition, 22(1): 18-35.
20. Pandey, N. & Pandey- Rai, S. (2014). Plants as a source of natural antioxidant, 1st Ed., Chapter: Biochemical activity and therapeutic role of antioxidants in plants and humans. CAB International, Oxfordshire, UK, 191-224.
21. Picking, D., Delgoda, R., Boulogne, L. & Mitchell, S. (2013). Hyptis verticillata Jacq: A review Hyptis verticillata Jacq: A review of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology and toxicology. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 147(1):16-41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2013.01.039
22. Truswell, S. (2007). ABC of Nutrition, 4th ed. BMJ Publishing Group, BMA House, Tavistock Square London WCIH 9JR.
23. Uraku, A. J., Oko A. O., Onuigbo, H. N., Edwin, N., Orji O. U., Ezeali, C. & Orinya, O. F. (2015). Determination of some vitamins in thee selected African green leafy vegetables. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Medical Science, 5(1): 22-26.
24. Uruaku, A. J. & Nwankwo, V. O. (2015). Phytochemical and nutritional composition analysis of Murraya koenigii Linn leaves. British Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 6(3): 174-180.
25. Vasudevan, D. M., Sreekumari, S. & Kannan, V. (2011). Textbook of Biochemistry for Medical Students, 6th Ed. Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd., New Delhi. pp 73-431.